禽流感病毒致病性的分子基础研究进展

Molecular Basis on Pathogenicity of Avian Influenza Virus

禽流感的暴发给畜禽业造成了巨大经济损失,近年来对禽流感病毒的致病性的研究取得了一定进展。禽流感病毒的毒性不但与血凝素裂解位点处的氨基酸序列、神经氨酸酶茎部的氨基酸丢失、非结构蛋白的截短、删除及NS1蛋白C末端的4个氨基酸残基等有关,而且,还发现在病毒基因编码的蛋白中有许多单个氨基酸决定病毒的毒力。这些毒力因子对动物的致病性并不是单独起作用,而是多种基因的毒力因子协同作用的结果。

Infection with avian influenza viruses in poultry results in poultry losses worldwide. In recent years, the pathogenic studies of influenza A virus made great progress. Virulence factors of influenza A viruses include multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin（HA） protein, a shortstalk neuraminidase（NA） protein, truncated non-structural protein I（NS1） and the last 4 C-terminal amino acids of NS1. In addition to these virulence factors, mutations in the genes encoding proteins are also important virulence determinants. Polygenic virulence factors had a synergistic effect on pathogenicity of avian influenza virus for animal.