“流散文学”视野中的张爱玲

"Diasporic Literature" and Eileen Chang

20世纪三四十年代的中国,当一群跨界男作家还在城乡之间进行文学往还时,张爱玲实质上已经悄悄步入后来称为"流散写作"的行列。以香港为背景的流散元素,深刻影响着张爱玲的巅峰创作,即通过宗主国边缘男性对中国封建边缘女性的拯救母题,成功摹写了那时代"女/男"、"弱/强"、"中/西"等一系列内在同构关系的剧烈共振下,女性生存的"丛林规则"。张爱玲一贯的爱情悲剧在流散元素之直接影响下,形成"反向对位",增加了新的维度与深度,达到文化人类学与文化社会学叠合的真实。

In 1930 and 40s’China,when a group of male writers were still occupied in cross-border literary creations between urban and rural areas,Eileen Chang substantially had quietly taken part in what was later called ＂diasporic writing＂.The diasporic element,with Hong Kong as the background,profoundly influenced Eileen Chang’s creation in her heyday.That is to say,she successfully depicted＂the jungle law＂of women’s survival at that time in accordance with the inherent isologous relations such as ＂female/male＂,＂weak/strong＂,and ＂China/west＂through the salvation motif that the male outsider of the suzerain gives hope and love to a female outsider of Chinese feudalist society.Under the direct influences of the diasporic element,Eileen Chang’s consistent love tragedy formed a ＂contrapuntal reverse＂and acquired a new dimension and depth so as to achieve the reality superimposed on cultural anthropology and cultural sociology.