基于S基尼系数的中国行业工资差距分析

Inter-industry Wage Differentials in China:Based on the Decomposition of S Gini Coefficient

针对行业工资数据的特点,本文提出了一个S基尼系数变化的分解模型,说明了导致S基尼系数变化的三个因素:工资水平变动、行业排序变化以及职工在不同行业之间的流动。实证研究表明,我国行业工资差距的扩大趋势非常明显,其中工资增长的非均衡性与行业排序变化是导致行业间工资差距扩大的重要原因,而职工流动虽然在一定程度上缓解了行业间工资差距的扩大,但是近期职工流动缓解工资差距的效果逐步减弱。为了有效控制行业间工资差距的扩大,一方面需要着力解决工资水平增长的不合理差异,另一方面要完善劳动力市场,推动劳动力在不同行业之间正常有序流动。

According to the data of industry wage,this paper puts forward a decomposition approach of wage differential change based on S Gini coefficient,and explains the three factors：income growth,re-ranking and labor shift.The results show that income growth and re-ranking lead to the increment of wage differential,while labor shift alleviates the increment of wage differentials.However,labor shift is weakened in reducing inter-industry differential recently.In order to regulate inter-industry wage differential more effectively,we should not only eliminate wage irrationality among industries,but also improve labor markets and promote labor mobility.