基施硒钴配合肥对苜蓿生产性能的影响

Effect of Basal Dressing Selenium and Cobalt Combined Fertilizer on Productive Performance of Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)

经过2006-2008年为期3年在硒钴缺乏的河南省郑州市黄河滩区苜蓿(Medicago sativaL.)草地上基施硒钴配合肥料,研究对其生产性能的影响,以期改善苜蓿生长环境和提高苜蓿产量和品质。结果表明,硒钴配合基施均能够显著提高现蕾到开花期苜蓿叶面积指数和净光合能力(P<0.05),提高苜蓿单位叶面积生产干物质的速率,有利于苜蓿的花前青干草生产;在4种硒钴配施肥中,以硒量570 g/hm2、钴量762 g/hm2配施效果最显著,2年内牧草平均增产8.0%(P<0.05),种子的千粒重提高了12.5%(P<0.01),耕作层地下生物量提高了4.6%。

The aim of this research was to promote forage production in soils insufficient in selenium（Se） and cobalt（Co） by basal dressing of Se-Co combined fertilizers in alfalfa（Medicago sativa L.） grassland.An experiment was conducted in Yellow River beach areas for 3 years from 2006 to 2008 and the effect of Se-Co combined fertilizer on the productive performances of alfalfa was evaluated in order to improve the growing environment and enhance the forage yield and quality of alfalfa.The results show that basal dressing of Se-Co combined fertilizer increased the net photosynthetic efficiency,decreased the plant respiration loss,and enhanced the production rate of dry matter from budding to flowering stage in favor of the alfalfa hay production before flowering stage.Among the 4 combined fertilizers,the application rates of Se at 570 g·hm-2 and Co at 765 g·hm-2 had best effects on forage production,forage yield,1000-grain weight,and underground biomass in soil depth of 0-20 cm which were increased by 8.0%（P0.05）,12.5%（P0.01）,and 1 4.6% within two years,respectively.