苜蓿草粉对黄河鲤鱼消化生理指标的影响

Effect of Alfalfa Meal on Digestive Physiological Metabolism of Yellow River Carp

选取来源一致、体质健康、尾均重为248.70±1.31 g的黄河鲤鱼750尾,采用单因子完全随机设计,设5个处理,3个重复,分别在基础饲粮中添加0%(对照组)、5%(试验Ⅰ组)、10%(试验Ⅱ组)、15%(试验Ⅲ组)和20%(试验Ⅳ组)紫花苜蓿草粉,研究其对黄河鲤鱼消化生理指标的影响。结果表明:1)苜蓿草粉的添加对黄河鲤鱼消化道指数无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)肝胰脏和前、中、后各肠段的蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性均随着苜蓿草粉的添加比例的增加呈现先升后降的趋势。其中,5%和10%的苜蓿草粉添加组在肝胰脏和后肠中的蛋白酶活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);5%和10%添加组在肝胰脏和各个肠段的淀粉酶活性均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);3)适宜水平的苜蓿草粉(5%、10%)能够提高黄河鲤鱼肠绒毛高度,在前肠,10%添加组的肠绒毛高度显著高于对照组(P<0.05);而高含量的苜蓿草粉(15%、20%)则降低了肠绒毛高度。综合表明,在黄河鲤鱼饲粮中添加10%苜蓿草粉能显著提高其消化酶活性及肠绒毛高度。

Yellow River carp（Cyprinus carpio-haematopterus Temminck et Schlege） is one of the important fishes in China.The fish,with golden skin and good production performance,has high commercial value.The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of alfalfa meal on digestive physiological metabolism of Yellow River carp by different alfalfa meal feeding levels（0,5,10,15,and 20 %）.750 carps were randomly divided into five treatments with 50 carps each per treatment and three replicates.The results show that： 1） There was no significant difference between five treatments（P0.05）.2） The activity of proteases and amylase in hepatopancrac,foregut,midgut,and hindgut increased firstly and decreased afterwards with the increasing of the alfalfa meal amount.The protease in hepatopancrac fed with 5% alfalfa meal and in hepatopancrac and hindgut of those fed with 10% alfalfa meal were significantly increased（P0.05）.In hepatopancrac and hindgut of group fed with 5% and in hepatopancrac and all gut segments of group fed with 10% alfalfa meal,the amylase was significantly（P0.05） increased in comparison with the control group（P0.05）.3） The height of intestine villus of carps fed with 5% and 10% alfalfa meal was increased,but the height of villus was decreased when fed with 15% and 20% alfalfa meal（P0.05）.In foregut,the height of villus of carps fed with 10% alfalfa meal was significantly higher than that of the control group（P0.05）.In conclusion,the digestive enzyme activity and the height of villus were improved because of addition of alfalfa meal and the addition level of 10% was the best.