昆明市2000—2007年5岁以下儿童死亡状况分析

Analysis of mortality status of children under 5 years in Kunming from 2000 to 2007

【目的】为了解昆明市城乡5岁以下儿童死亡率及主要死因的变化趋势。【方法】对昆明市2000—2007年昆明城乡5岁以下儿童死亡监测资料进行统计与分析。【结果】2000—2007年全市、城区与农村5岁以下儿童死亡率分别由25.75‰、16.19‰和29.42‰下降至13.89‰、7.55‰和17.25‰,分别下降了46.06%、53.37%和41.38%。至2007年,农村5岁以下儿童死亡率是城区的2.3倍。早产或出生低体重、先天异常的死亡率下降趋势城乡差异明显,死亡所占百分比均有不同程度的提高,且农村增长幅度大于城区。死于腹泻的比例,农村有逐年增加的趋势。【结论】降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的重点地区是农村,特别应注意早产及出生低体重、先天异常造成的死亡。

【Objective】To understand the mortality of children under 5 years in Kunming urban and rural areas and the main cause of their mortality-trends. 【Method】To analyze the statistical data of the mortality rates of children under 5 years in Kunming urban and rural areas from 2000 to 2007. 【Results】The mortality rate of children under 5 years in Kunming dropped from 25.75 ‰ to 13.89 ‰,decreased by 46.06%.The mortality rates of urban and rural areas dropped from 16.19 ‰,29.42 ‰ to 7.55 ‰ and 17.25 ‰,decreased by 53.37% and 41.38%,respectively.To 2007,the mortality rate of rural children under 5 years was 2.3 times the urban areas.There was a significant difference between urban and rural area in the downward trend of the mortality rate originated premature or low birth weight,and congenital anomaly,which had increased to varying degrees,and the increased mortality rate was much higher in rural areas than urban areas.The proportion of deaths caused by diarrheadiseases in rural areas was in a rising trend. 【Conclusions】To reduce the mortality rate of children under 5 years,key areas should be focused on,such as rural areas.Especially,the deaths caused by the premature,low birth weight and congenital anomaly should be paid more attention.