合作与竞争条件下公交网络发车时间优化模型

Research on Timetable Optimization Model for Transit Network in Cooperation and Competition

为了细化考虑公交线路之间的合作与竞争的不同关系对公交网络发车时间,即行车时刻表的影响,针对整个公交网络的运营优化问题,将公交网络中关联线路划分为合作与竞争两类。在各自构建的子网络背景下,分别建立对应的线网发车时间优化模型。发车时间优化模型包括线路始发车时间模型和线路发车间隔模型,其中在合作子网络中为了乘客换乘方便,以线路车辆非同步到站的总时间差最小为合作子网络的始发车时间模型的目标,在竞争子网络中避免恶性竞争和分摊客流,以线路车辆非同步到站时间差最大为竞争子网络的始发车时间模型的目标,发车间隔模型考虑的是运营成本和客流需求。针对所提出的模型,设计了对应的启发式算法,并给出公交网络算例来验证所给模型和求解算法的有效性。

To further analyse the impact of different relationships of cooperation and competition between bus routes on transit network departure time（bus timetable）,and for operation optimization in the whole transit network,the bus routes were divided into two sorts：cooperation and competition.In each subnetwork,the optimization models for bus timetable were proposed.The bus timetable models contain departure time model and departure interval model,in which the departure time model targets minimizing vehicles＇ time headway in cooperation subnetwork to transfer comfortably and maximizing the value in competition network to share the passengers and avoid vicious competition;while the departure interval model considers operation cost and passenger demand.The heuristic algorithms for solving the abovementioned models were designed respectively,and a numerical example was given to illustrate the effectiveness of the presented solutions.