质谱技术在中药小分子与生物大分子相互作用研究中的应用

Application of Mass Spectrometry in the Study of Binding Interactions between Small Molecules in Chinese Medicinal Herbs and Biomacromolecules

中药发挥药理作用具有多组分,多靶点的重要特点。研究中药化学成分与生物大分子之间的相互作用不仅能够为阐明中药发挥药理作用的机理和物质基础提供科学依据,而且能够为新药设计提供理论指导。软电离质谱技术,尤其是电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)和基质辅助激光解吸电离质谱(MALDI-MS)在一定条件下能够使药物与生物大分子形成的复合物完整地转移到气相中并被检测到,在中药小分子与生物大分子相互作用的研究中具有很大的优势。同时,色谱-质谱联用技术在中药复杂体系与生物大分子相互作用的研究中也显示出很大的应用潜力。本文介绍了质谱技术在药物与生物大分子相互作用研究中的应用原理,并总结了近年来软电离质谱技术在中药小分子与生物大分子相互作用研究中的应用。

The Chinese medicinal herbs exert their pharmacological effects through a multi-component and multi-target way.Studies on the binding interactions between the chemical components in the herbal medicine and biomacromolecules can not only provide the scientific basis to clarify the mechanism and foundation underlies the pharmacological effects of the herbal medicines but also provide theoretical guidelines for the design of new drugs.Soft ionization mass spectrometric techniques,especially electrospray ionization mass spectrometry（ESI-MS） and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry（MALDI-MS） can transfer the intact complexes formed between drugs and biomacromolecules into the gas phase and detect the existence of the complexes,which have shown promising application to the study of binding interactions between small molecules in Chinese medicinal herbs and biomacromolecules.The combination of mass spectrometry with chromatographic techniques has also shown great advantages to explore the interactions of the chemical components in complex herb systems towards the biomacromolecules.The paper introduced the application mechanism of mass spectrometry for the analysis of drug-biomacromolecules interactions and summarized the application of soft ionization mass spectrometry in the study of binding interactions between the small molecules in Chinese medicinal herbs and biomacromolecules in recent years.