小麦航天诱变矮秆突变系SP_3株穗数性状观察及分析

Studies on SP_3 Heads Per Plant of Dwarf Mutant Lines in Wheat

以我国首颗航天育种专用卫星"实践八号(2006)"搭载的冬小麦邯6172为材料并以原始亲本为对照,对SP3选育出6个矮秆突变系株穗数进行观察发现:(1)株高与株穗数两性状独立遗传,通过航天诱变可对株高、株穗数二性状同时进行改良。(2)株穗数变异是双向的,其幅度为-36.95%～12.06%,方差分析达0.01极显著水平。(3)株穗数显著高于对照的变异系比例较低,占观察群体的16.67%,其余变异系株穗数等于或低于对照,分别占33.33%的比例。(4)SP3株穗数性状稳定株系比例为16.67%,并被统计分析证实,其余株系仍在分离。(5)在以株穗数为目的航天诱变后代选育中,SP3代要注重田间性状观察,依不同变异群体性状表现,可分别采取以株系为单位混合收获和以单株收获的选育方法。

With from Han 6172 space radiation （Satellite＇Shi-Jian No.8,2006） as material,and used it’s original parent as ck to study the head perplant of 6 dwarrf mutant lines.The result showed：（1）Plant height （PH）and HPP were two independent inherited traits and there was no relationship between two traits.Both could be improved simultaneously.（2）Mutation effect was two-way variance and it was ranged from -36.95% to 12.06% compared with ck.Variance analysis （VA） was all extrem significant.（3）It was recorded that ratio of positive variance line was only 16.67%,others were either equal or lower than ck accounted 33.33%,respectively.（4）16.67% stabled one was performed uniform in filed and confirmed by VA in SP3,the others remained segregating for this trait.（5）Based on the aim of HPP selection in SP breeding program much attention should be paid on its performance in field,methods of population harvesting and single plant harvesting could be adopted individually according to it’s phenotypic expression in SP3 generation.