不同基因型小麦籽粒铁含量的差异及其与农艺性状的关系

Difference of Fe content of wheat seed between high-Fe genotypes and low-Fe ones and its relation to agronomic characteristics

为了揭示不同基因型小麦籽粒铁含量差异的机理,采用土培方法,对北方35种不同基因型小麦进行籽粒含铁量筛选,并分析比较其农艺性状的差异以及籽粒铁含量与主要农艺性状的相关性。结果表明：35个不同基因型小麦籽粒铁含量存在明显的基因型差异,变化范围为30.5-43.4 mg/kg（施铁）和22.6-40.9 mg/kg（不施铁）。土施和叶面喷施铁肥有提高小麦籽粒铁含量的趋势。籽粒高铁基因型与低铁基因型之间在产量、生物量及其他农艺性状方面存在一定差异,并与是否施铁有关：施铁时,高铁基因型小麦籽粒产量呈低于低铁基因型的趋势;与此吻合的是,高铁基因型小麦的穗粒数和千粒重也低于低铁基因型,其中千粒重的差异达到显著水平;分蘖数和株高有类似的规律。小麦籽粒铁含量与籽粒产量、茎叶干重、颖壳干重、收获指数和穗粒数均没有明显相关性,而与千粒重呈显著或极显著负相关。小麦籽粒铁累积量与茎叶干重、颖壳干重、穗粒数达到极显著或显著正相关,与穗粒重和千粒重没有明显相关性。

A pot experiment was conducted to screen Fe content in wheat seeds among 35 genotypes and to investigate the difference of agronomic characteristics of various genotypes and the relationship between economic characteristics and Fe content of wheat seed.The results showed that significant difference of Fe content in wheat seeds was found among 35 genotypes,ranging from 30.5 mg/kg to 43.4 mg/kg（Fe fertilizer treatments） and 22.6 mg/kg to 40.9 mg/kg（No Fe fertilizer treatments）.Fe fertilizer treatment trended to increase Fe content.There were differences between high-Fe enotypes and low-Fe genotypes in yield,biomass and other agronomic characteristics.These differences depended on Fe fertilizer.When Fe fertilizer was applied,less wheat yield of high-Fe genotype was found,compared to low-Fe genotypes.High-Fe genotypes also had less grain number per spike,1000-grain-weight,plant height and tillers,compared to low-Fe genotypes.There was no remarkable correlation between wheat seed Fe content and yield,stem biomass, glume biomass,harvest index and grain number per spike while there was significant negative correlation between wheat seed Fe content and 1000-grain-weight. Fe accumulated in wheat seeds had significant positive correlation to stem biomass,glume biomass and grain number per spike,but no correlation to 1000-grain-weight.