Studer新膀胱术控尿重要结构的保护

Preservation of continence important structures during Studer neobladder

目的 探讨保护控尿重要结构对原位新膀胱功能的作用. 方法男性膀胱癌患者68例,平均年龄63（42～73）岁.均为多发浸润性膀胱癌.行根治性膀胱切除Studer新膀胱术,术中积极保护尿道横纹括约肌、阴部神经及尿道肌筋膜支持组织等控尿重要结构.对新膀胱术后的控尿功能进行随访. 结果手术时间210～360 min,输血0～800 ml,分期为T3aN0M0 20例,T2N0M048例.随访6～36个月,平均12个月.患者均恢复生理控尿.术后3个月时IVU显示新膀胱形态良好,上尿路无扩张,无反流及明显残余尿.BUN、SCr和电解质均无异常.术后6个月白天控尿率为100%,夜间遗尿1例,给予夜间定时唤醒排尿后克服.膀胱完全排空者59例,残余尿20～30 ml者9例.膀胱容量200～350 ml;充盈期膀胱压17～22 cm H2O（1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa）,排尿期膀胱压45～80 cm H2O;Qmax 16～32 ml/s. 结论保护控尿重要结构可改善Studer新膀胱的功能.

Objective To investigate the effects of preserving continence important structures during Studer pouch surgery. Methods Radical cystectomy and Studer orthotopic neobladder surgeries were performed on 68 male patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer.The anatomic configuration of the rhabdosphincter complex,pudendal nerve supply,and musculofascial support system to the proximal urethra were carefully preserved.The neobladder functions were then evaluated. Results The pathological classification of the 68 patients was as follows：T3a N0M0 in 20 cases and T2N0M0 in 48 cases.The patients were followed up for 6 to 36mon（mean 12 mon）.Complete urinary continence was achieved in 67 patients 24 hours a day and the remained one had nocturnal incontinence.Of these patients,59 patients could urinate well without residual urine and the other 9 patients had residual urine of 20 to 30 ml. Conclusions A well-performed Studer pouch should pay specific attention to the anatomic configuration of the rhabdosphincter complex,pudendal nerve supply,and musculofascial support system to the proximal urethra to achieve the goal of maximizing continence preservation.