超临界流体萃取活性脂质的研究进展

Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Fractionation of Functional Lipids,A Review

简要综述了超临界流体在脂类萃取、分级方面的应用进展。重点探讨了高附加值油脂及高附加值活性成分的提取,例如从微生物、植物原料中萃取类胡萝卜色素,从脱臭馏出物中回收植物甾醇、生育酚和角鲨烯以及多不饱和脂肪酸和磷脂的分离分级研究。尽管一些商业规模的生产已获得了成功,但对于超临界流体中多组分脂类混合物的相行为及溶解性的理解非常不够,基础方面的研究仍然面临着严峻的考验。鉴于消费者对"天然"产品不断增长的需求,超临界流体技术在脂类加工中的应用前景受到关注。

The progress achieved in the extraction and fractionation of complex lipid mixtures using supercritical carbon dioxide（SC-CO2） is briefly reviewed.The special application to oil and fat processing are focused on production of high value oils,recovery of carotenoids from microorganisms and plant materials,concentration of tocopherol,phytosterol and squalene from deodorizer distillates,extraction and fractionation of polyunsaturated fatty acids and phospholipids.Even though some commercial productions using supercritical fluids extraction technology have been achieved,the knowledge on the phase behavior and solubility of multicomponent lipid mixtures in SC-CO2 is absent.Studies on fundamental aspects are still facing challenge.However,considering the increasing consumer demand for ＂natural＂ products and strict government regulations on the use of organic solvents like hexane,the future of SC-CO2 extraction of lipids is bright.