国外城市绿地外部性定量评价的主要方法及其应用

Quantitative Evaluation Methods and Their Practices on the Externality of Urban Green Space

由于绿地外部效应的非市场性,使其经济价值难以评估,很难实现土地利用方式的最优化。在此,介绍国外常用的2种定量评价绿地外部性经济价值的方法——附加价值法(CVM)和享乐估价法(HPM)。2种方法都是通过人们使用绿地的花费来确定绿地外部效应的定量价值。前者基于人们对使用或拥有绿地的支付意愿,后者基于人们为了享用绿地而额外支付的房价。通过介绍这2种方法,希望为我国绿地外部性内部化问题的解决提供新的思路。

Since the non-market value of urban green space is not easy to be evaluated,this maybe lead to the mistake of land strategy. The paper introduces two quantitative evaluation methods which are usually used overseas. One is Contingent Valuation Method （CVM）,and the other is Hedonic Price Method （HPM）. The former is based on the people＇s willing-to-pay for using green space,and the latter is based on the extra house prices that people had paid for the environmental elements. We can integrate the external economic effect of green space into the interna1 one by use of two methods. The introduction of the two methods is hoped to provide new ideas of solving the internalizing tendency of the externality of green space in China.