胰岛素在阿尔茨海默病发病机制中作用的研究进展

Advanced Opinion on the Insulin's Role in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease

阿尔茨海默病(AD)是痴呆最常见的类型。对AD发病有多种学说,但是都无法完全阐明其发病机制。近几年的研究发现,胰岛素在中枢神经系统中具有重要的作用,在AD发病中的作用也日益受到关注。越来越多的研究证明胰岛素及其相关分子的代谢障碍会导致β淀粉样蛋白沉积、tau蛋白高度磷酸化、能量代谢障碍神经递质及传导异常等,进而诱导细胞内级联反应引起神经组织变性,导致认知功能的障碍。

Alzheimer＇ s disease （AD） is the most common type of dementia. There are several hypotheses to the pathogenesis of AD, which are unclear yet. Recently, it is reported that insulin plays an important role in central nervous system. There is a growing interest in the possible link between insulin and AD. More and more evidences suggest that disturbances in insulin and related molecules may exacerbate the development of AD, including beta peptides aggregation, tan protein hyperphosphorylation, energy metabolism dysfunction, neurotransmitter modulation abnormity, and so on, leading to cellular cascades that trigger a neurodegenerative phenotype and decline in cognitive function.