外出务工对流出地家庭生计策略的影响——来自西部山区的证据

The Influence of Labor Migration on Rural Households' Livelihood Strategy:an Empirical Analysis in Western China Mountain Area

本文首先基于可持续生计框架,引入劳动力迁移的视角,之后改进农户模型以分析劳动力外出务工对流出地家庭生计策略的影响机理,并利用陕西秦岭北麓地区1074户的调查数据进行验证。结果发现:外地打工虽然有利于家庭的资本积累,但会阻碍流出地非农生计活动的参与和劳动力供给;本地打工在促进资本积累的同时,对参与林(经济)作物种植、养殖和自营等生计活动有显著的促进作用,但过多的劳动力外出务工仍然会减少本地其它活动的收入水平。

This paper brings migration perspective into the Sustainable Livelihoods Framework and improves the Rural Household Model to analyze the influence of labor emigration in Western China mountain area on households' livelihood strategy.Employing the survey data of 1074 households from Qinling Mountain area in 2008,it examines the effect of local and out-migration on livelihood strategy.The results reveal that,although out-migration may contribute to the accumulation of income-generating assets,it decreases the labor force working in other livelihood activities which may not be helpful to participate in other livelihood activities.Local migration not only contributes to assets accumulation but also increases the chance of participating in other activities,it has significant positive effects on participating the forest production,livestock and self-employment activities.Whereas,given participation,increase of local migration will negatively affect the relevant income.