上海市宝山区社区居民高血压行为危险因素动态监测分析

Analysis on dynamic monitoring of hypertensive behavioral risk factors in residents of Baoshan District,Shanghai

目的分析上海市宝山区社区居民高血压行为危险因素动态变化及影响因素,为高血压健康教育与健康促进提供依据。方法对2004~2008年宝山区行为危险因素动态监测的5635人进行高血压相关知识、态度和行为分析。结果5年间居民正常血压值、临界血压值、高盐饮食容易导致高血压的知晓率呈持续上升（P〈0.01）,但40岁以下人群正常血压知晓率5年间变化差异无显著性（P〉0.05）,高血压得不到控制所致后果知晓率变化不大;35岁以上人群每年应测一次血压的态度呈曲折上升（P〈0.05）,而对于高血压患者应采取积极控制措施的态度大多有所下降;过去30天口味偏咸的比例呈持续下降（P〈0.01）,35岁以上人群一年测血压率呈稳步上升（P〈0.01）,且女性一直高于男性、高年龄人群高于低年龄人群（P〈0.01）;社区居民接受健康教育的比例逐年提高。结论持续的控制高血压健康教育与健康促进工作效果明显,应继续加强高血压综合干预工作,强化高血压预防知识,提高控制高血压态度,完善血压测量服务。

Objective To analyze the dynamic monitoring state of hypertensive behavioral risk factors with the purpose of providing grounds and reference for the further work in this spectrum.Methods A total of 5635 locals who agreed to complete the follow-up survey relating to hypertension during the years of 2004 to 2008 participated in this study.Information on knowledge awareness,attitude and habits was collected.Results The awareness rate of normal blood pressure range,marginal hypertension standards,and harms of high-salt diet had been increasing significantly（P0.01）,except the awareness rate of normal blood pressure range among participants aged 40 or below（P0.05）.In the age group over 35,the acceptance rate of an annual examination test showed a tortuous elevation（P0.05）and the population who took practical action to follow up the idea was also increasing steadily（P0.01）,among whom female more than male,old age less than others.Besides,the adoption rate of over-salty diet droped persistently within the past 30 days.However,hypertension-attack patients in all age group tended to take less initiatives on the control and therapy.The proportion of community residents who were accessible to health education expanded yearly.Conclusion These findings showed our previous work of health education and promotion underlie today＇s rewarding effect.The prospect of the intervention of hypertension is promising.Trainings on hypertension knowledge and attitudes,and monitoring service should be enhanced.