应用SOC模型进行农民营养干预的效果分析

The effects on applying SOC model on nutritional intervention in farmers

目的了解并分析应用阶段改变(SOC)模型在农民中开展多吃蔬菜水果、少吃盐的营养干预的效果。方法选取干预与对照农民各500余人,对调查对象统一进行基线调查和干预一年后的评估调查;根据基线调查数据,按SOC模型对其多吃蔬菜水果行为的接受程度划分为五个阶段,对干预组农民及不同阶段人群开展营养干预活动,试验后评估两组行为阶段、知信行及生化指标等的改变。结果应用SOC模型分析,干预后,干预组农民的多吃蔬菜水果的健康行为阶段前移,其准备期、行动期、维持期阶段人群比例分别增加了15.1%、20.7%和16.1%;农民在营养知识的认知程度和行为改变上得到了改善;BM I指数、血压、总胆固醇、同型半胱氨酸、尿钠水平均下降、叶酸和尿钾水平明显上升,差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用SOC模型对农民进行营养干预有了显著效果。

Objective To know the effect of nutrition intervention on eating more vegetables and fruits,eating less salts in farmers.Methods The questionnaires were used to do baseline and evaluation survey on 500 farmers in trial group and control group respectively.Applying SOC model to divide farmers into five stages according to their behavior of eating more vegetables and fruits.The intervention ways were used in trial group.After one year,the changes of behavioral stages,awareness,attitude and behavior,biochemical index in two groups were evaluated.Results There were statistical significance on proportion of behavioral stages between before intervention and after intervention in trial group（P0.05）.The upgrade of behavior stages had been gained,the proportion of preparation,action,maintenance increased by 15.1%,20.7% and 16.1% for eating more vegetables and fruits.Healthy awareness on nutrition and behavior had improved.BMI,blood pressure,total cholesterol,homocysteine and urine sodium levels have decreased,folic acid,urine potassium had increased after intervention（P0.05）.Conclusion There were obvious effects through applying SOC on nutritional intervention in farmers.