山东寿光设施菜地富磷土壤磷素淋溶特征研究

Phosphorus Leaching Characteristics of the Phosphorus-rich Soils in Protected Field Production in Shouguang

以寿光蔬菜保护地富磷耕层土壤（0~30cm）为试验材料,进行了30d的土柱淋洗试验,以了解富磷土壤的淋溶特征。结果表明：土壤全磷、Olsen-P和CaCl2-P在淋洗试验后都有所下降,土壤磷的损失率为21.77%~38.85%,富集的土壤磷素有相当一部分可以淋出表土层。淋出液中无机磷和全磷含量先增后降,最终全磷含量为18.11~22.96mgL-1,超过了国家标准的水体中污染磷指标。土壤中的有机态磷在淋溶初期就淋失殆尽,中后期几乎没有有机态磷淋出。

In purpose of understanding characteristics of phosphorus leaching from phosphorus- rich soil, a 30- day soil column leaching experiment was carried out with 0 - 30 cm top soil from protected field of Shouguang. To understand the characteristics of leaching, the leaching experiment was conducted in the profile of in vegetable fields of Shouguang. It is concluded that soil total- P, Olsen- P and CaCl2- P decreased after leaching. Phosphorous loss varied from 21.77% to 38.85% . Significant phosphorus loss was noticed from the experiment. The inorganic- P and the total- P in leachate followed a trend of increasing at first and decreasing later, and reached to a concentration of 18.11 ~ 22.96 mg L, which was higher than the P limit of the national water quality standards. Leaching of the organic phosphorous was finished at the earlier period, which was hardly detected in later period of the experiment.