海南橡胶园土壤的酶活性特征

Characteristics of Soil Enzyme Activities of Rubber Tree Plantation in Hainan

通过采集海南4种主要母质发育的橡胶园土壤,对脲酶、转化酶和过氧化氢酶活性及土壤主要理化性质进行分析。结果表明：不同母质发育的橡胶园土壤的酶活性差异较大,玄武岩和花岗岩发育的胶园土壤的脲酶和过氧化氢酶活性较高,浅海沉积物和砂页岩发育的转化酶活性较高。20世纪60年代和70年代种植橡胶的土壤中脲酶、转化酶和过氧化氢酶活性都较高,其中60年代植胶土壤的脲酶活性显著高于其他植胶年代的,其余两种酶活性差异不显著。上层土壤（0~20cm）中三种酶活性都极显著高于下层土壤（20~40cm）;过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性与土壤中的有机质、全氮和速效钾呈极显著或显著正相关,可作为橡胶园土壤肥力评价指标。

Soils of rubber tree plantation in Hainan derived from four parent materials were collected. The urease, invertase and catalase activities and basic physical and chemical properties were determined. The results indicated that the urease and catalase activities in soils derived from basalt and granite were higher, while invertase activity in soils derived from shallow marine sediment and sandy shale was higher. Three kinds of enzyme activities in soils of rubber tree planted in1960s and in 1970s were higher. The urease activity in soils of rubber tree planted in 1960s was markedly higher than in other times （P0.01）. Difference of other two kinds of enzyme activities was not significant. Three kinds of enzyme activities were markedly higher in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer than in 20 - 40 cm（P0.01）.Significant positive correlation was found between urease , catalase activities and contents of organic matter, total N and available K. Therefore, urease and catalase activities could be as an index of evaluating soils fertility of rubber tree plantation in Hainan.