日本货物总运输量与纯运输量的实证研究

The Practical Research on Cargo Total Transportation Volume and Pure Volume in Japan

日本的铁路、公路、水路、航空运输业组成了一个庞大的立体物流运输网络,承担着产品制造前的原材料运输、产品生产后的商品运输、废弃物回收再生处理的静脉运输,涵盖了商品流通全过程不同周期的运输任务。运输企业从市场上直接承揽的业务较少,主要是为第三方物流企业提供综合运输服务。文章基于大量数据对日本货物运输发展状况及构造变化的分析表明,在产业结构和运输体系变化中,货物纯运输量能够真实地反映货物最实际的流动情况,而货物附加值作为运输单位重量货物所创造的价值,可以从综合角度评定经济因素对物流的影响,全面反映经济与物流的关系,说明物流活动对经济发展的贡献程度,衡量国家物流发展水平的高低。

Japan has a huge three-dimensional logistic transportation network which is composed of the railway, road, water and air transportation. The responsibility of this network can cover the whole process of commodity circulation. And the major task is to provide comprehensive transportation service for 3PL enterprises. Based on large amount of data, the author makes an analysis on the current situation of cargo transportation in Japan. It shows that in the change of industrial structure and transportation system, the pure volume of cargo transportation can reflect the real cargo flow. Concerning the cargo added value, which is the per unit weight value, we can comprehensively evaluate the impact of economic factors on logistics, fully understand the relationship between economy and logistics, demonstrate the contribution of logistic activities to economic development, and measure the level of national logistic development.