清末新政时期的袁世凯与实业教育

Yuan Shikan and Industrial Education in New Deal Period of Late Qing Dynasty

晚清新政之时,袁世凯力废科举,大兴学堂,为清末的中国近代职业教育改革做出了有益的探索。他主张"崇实学、增实科、开民智",领导学部于各府厅州县设立劝学所,为新式教育发展提供保障,使教育体系更为完善;要求农务局在各地劝办农会,推广农业先进技术,发行农学刊物,翻译农学教科书,举办农产品评审会,初步形成了中国最早的农业推广体系;倡导"自谋其生"的教育观,将"实科"、"实学"、"实益"落实在"谋生"理念之上。

In new dean period of late Qing dynasty,Yuan Shikan had abolished the imperial examination system and vigorously developed schools,which had done beneficial exploration for vocational education reform in modern China.He had put forward the opinion of＂respecting industrial learning,increasing practical subjects and openning people＇s wisdom＂;he set up educational administration institutions in locals which provided assurance for new education development;he actively popularized agricultural advanced technology,issued agricultural publications,translated teaching materials for agriculture and formed the earliest agricultural popularization system in China;he advocated the educational view of making living,and carried the view of industrial education into making a living.