论适当性原则——引入立法事实的类型化审查强度理论

On Appropriateness Doctrine

适当性原则是比例原则审查"目的手段关系"的第一阶段,要求手段必须有助于目的实现。面对"假想式因果关系"和主观性解释立场的质疑,立法事实论的引入有重要意义。适当性原则的立法事实论证呈现多元的审查强度,并且,个案中影响立法事实审查强度选择的具体参数有学理类型化的可能性。需要从推导方向、论证侧重、判断基准"时点"等方面,进一步规范适当性原则类型化审查强度的司法操作。

Principle of suitability,as the first step of proportionality for ＂means-ends rationality＂ ,requires that the state measure must be suitable for the purpose of facilitating or achieving the pursued objective.Legislative facts theory is of great importance to be transplanted while suitability test faces with the criticism as ＂imaginary causality＂ or ＂subjective explanation＂.Based on it,principle of suitability appears with varying degrees of judicial scrutiny.Moreover,the factors on which the scrutiny level depends can be classified.It may be helpful to recapitulate some judicial techniques such as reasoning presumption,emphasis and timing,to better the judicial application of suitability principle.