吐蕃中节度考

A Textual Research of Centre Jiedu of Tubo

吐蕃节度使制度是吐蕃王朝在军事发展进程中设置于占领区的军事建制。其中,中节度是吐蕃王朝针对西洱河地区诸蛮部落的军事战略而部署的军事单位,有独立的军事建制体系和攻防区域。以传世汉藏文史籍、碑铭及敦煌文献为依据,通过对吐蕃在西川、西洱河地区军事战略部署的分析,可以看出中节度的形成可追溯到吐蕃部落制时期对外军事部署形式中的三大"勇部";管辖区域随着吐蕃与当地诸部关系的变化而有所伸缩;由于吐蕃对西洱河地区攻略中军事地理交通的特殊性,吐蕃中节度亦被称作"铁桥节度"。

The Jiedu was a military unit that the Tubo Kingdom set in the occupied areas in the process of its military development. And Centre Jiedu is one of the units deployed for the military strategy to the various Man (蛮) tribes in West Erhe Areas,which had independent military system and specific attack and defense areas. According to the historical books and ancient inscription in Han and Tibetan language and Dunhuang literature,through the analysis of the military strategy of the Tubo in west Sichuan and West Erhe Areas,this paper argues that the formation of the Centre Jiedu can be traced back to the three Yongbu,the military unit that had been set in the period of tribal Tubo. Its span of control was flexible because of the change of the relationship Tubo and its boundary tribes. The Centre Jiedu was also called as Tieqiao Jiedu (Jiedu of Iron Bridge) to because of the particularity of military traffic in the West Erhe Areas.