黄河干流泥沙空间优化配置研究(Ⅲ)—模式与方案

Research on optimal spatial allocation of sediment in main channel of Yellow River(Ⅲ)-Allocation modes and schemes

本文提出了黄河干流泥沙未来可能的4种配置模式及相应的基本配置方案。应用黄河泥沙空间优化配置数学模型对组合的14个优化配置方案进行了计算,结果表明:基本方案一至四的黄河泥沙空间分布状况具有不断改善的趋势。提出了黄河泥沙配置的综合评价方法,根据配置方案综合评价结果在2020年古贤水库投入运用,2050年前采用基本方案三进行黄河泥沙空间优化配置;若2020年古贤水库未投入运用,2050年前采用基本方案二进行黄河泥沙空间优化配置。基本方案三优于基本方案二,共配置方式的顺序和平均配置沙量比例分别为:水库拦沙量41.0%、河口造陆沙量18.0%、深海输沙量17.8%、引水引沙量10.4%、人工(机械)放淤沙量6.9%、主河槽冲淤沙量3.8%、洪水淤滩沙量2.1%。相应地,提出了各方案不同时期黄河各河段的配置沙量比例与顺序。研究成果试图为黄河治理提供科学依据。

Four allocation modes and corresponding basic allocation schemes for sediment spatial allocation in the main stream of Yellow River are suggested,and fourteen optimal allocation schemes are analyzed by the mathematic model.The results indicate that the situation of sediment spatial distribution in the river tends to be gradually improved by the basic scheme 1 to 4.A comprehensive evaluation method for sediment allocation in the main stream of Yellow River is developed,the basic scheme 2 and 3 are suggested according to the evaluation results,and the basic scheme 3 is superior to basic scheme 2.The sediment allocation order and proportion of the basic scheme 3 are as follow,41.0% held in reservoir,18.0% used to create land in estuary,17.8% transported to deep sea,10.4% consumed by irrigation,6.9% should be releasing siltation to beach,3.8% silted in channel,2.1% silted in beach,and the sediment allocation order and proportion of different reach in Yellow River in various periods are calculated.