铜陵市自然人群乙型肝炎病毒感染状况调查

Prevalence of hepatitis B in population of Tongling city,Anhui province

目的了解安徽省铜陵市自然人群乙型肝炎(乙肝)病毒感染状况及流行规律。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法对铜陵地区自然人群进行问卷调查并采集血液标本,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测乙肝病毒(HBV)感染标志。结果在调查的2455人中,乙肝HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb及HBcAb阳性率分别为8.6%,32.3%,0.7%,6.0%及7.4%;HBV流行率(乙肝5项,除去乙肝表面抗体,其余项阳性之和)为44.1%(1082/2455)。乙肝疫苗的接种率为26.1%(640/2455),0～10岁年龄组接种率最高为63.6%(7/11),学生的接种率高于其他组为76.5%(17/30),乙肝疫苗接种率城市高于农村。接种乙肝疫苗后,HBsAg阳性率和HBV流行率均明显降低(P<0.01)。结论铜陵地区HBsAg阳性率8.6%,HBsAg标化阳性率8.5%,高于全国平均水平;乙肝疫苗的接种率较低,尤其是农村人群。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the population of Tongling city,Anhui province.Methods Totally 2455 people were surveyed with stratified cluster sampling and their blood samples were collected.The indicators of HBV infection were detected with ELISA.Results Among the subjects detected,the positive rates of HBsAg,HBsAb,HBeAg,HBeAb,and HBcAb were 8.6%,32.3%,0.7%,6.0%,and 7.4%,respectively.While the positive rate of HBV was 44.1%（1082/2455）.The mean vaccination rate of HBV was 26.1%（640/2455） and 63.6%（7/11） in the subjects of 0-10 years old group.The vaccination rate was 76.5%（17/30） in student group and higher than that of other groups.The vaccination rate of HBV in urban subjects was higher than that of rural subjects.The positive rate of HBsAg and the prevalence of HBV were dramatically decreased after the implementation of the vaccination（P0.01）.Conclusion In the population of Tongling city,the positive rate of HBsAg is 8.6% with a standardized positive rate of 8.5%,higher than that of nation-wide.The vaccination rate of HBV is relatively low,especially in the rural area.