新疆墨玉不同治沙工程措施对土壤肥力的影响

Effects of different sand control engineering measures on soil fertility in Moyu County of Xinjiang

在新疆墨玉县沙漠地区,设置4种治沙工程并比较了不同治沙工程措施培育土壤的效果。结果表明:不同治沙工程区土壤pH值和养分存在差异,pH值的大小顺序为天然稀疏植被封育区>草方格固沙-人工林区>人工林区>多种植物配置区,且天然稀疏植被封育区土壤pH值显著高于其他3个工程区(P<0.05);植物的定植时间影响了土壤养分,定植3年的人工林地土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、全磷、有效磷、速效钾含量高于定植不久的草方格固沙-人工林地;多种植物配置区土壤有机质、全氮、速效氮、全磷和全钾含量都高于人工林区、草方格固沙-人工林区和天然稀疏植被封育区,但土壤速效磷和速效钾含量较其他工程区低,在该工程区应加强磷肥、钾肥的施用。

A comparative study was made on the soil fertility in Moyu County of Xinjiang under effects of four sand control engineering measures. Differences were observed in the soil pH and nutrient contents under different sand control engineering measures. The soil pH value followed the order of natural sparse vegetation fencing area 〉 grass grid and artificial forest 〉 artificial forest 〉 area collocated with multi-plants, and was significantly higher under natural sparse vegetation fencing area （P〈0. 05 ）. The soil nutrient contents were affected by the duration of plant establishment. In the artificial forest having been established for three years, the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and available potassium were higher than those in the newly established （ half year） grass grid and artificial forest area. In the area collocated with multi-plants, the contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total potassium were higher, but the soil available phosphorus and potassium contents were relatively lower than those in other test engineering areas. Therefore, P and K fertilizers should be applied in the area collocated with multiplants.