湿地土壤因素对污水处理作用的模拟研究

The Role of Soils in Wastewater Treatment in a Simulated Constructed Wetland

人工湿地是近年来发展较快的污水处理设置，本文用室内模拟的方法研究了湿地土壤在处理生活污水的作用。结果表明，在排除了植物因子的前提下，人工湿地土壤—微生物系统对污水中的污染成分仍具有良好的去除作用。系统不同单位区段对污水中的总有机碳（ＴＯＣ）、总氮（ＴＮ）去除率存在差异，在第一个单位区段的处理效率最高，分别达４８％和３８％，远大于第二、三、四区段。土壤吸收附磷的过程中存在着积累现象，土壤磷浓度在第一区段先达到饱和，导致去除效率在实验后期下降。

Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment are the newly developed system to remove nutrient,BOD,SS and pathogenic organisms in China.The removal process of a simulated wetland was studied in the absence of aquatic plants.The 12m long system was divided into four equal units along the direction of inflow.It was found that the soil bacteria system had a good effect on nutrient removal.The elimination of organic matter and nitrogen mainly occurred in the first unit,with a decrease of 48% and 38% in the TOC and TN concentration respectively.This efficiency was much greater than those in the subsequent three units.Total phosphorous was removed from inflow and the accumulation of P was found in soil.The concentration of TP in the first unit reached a peak at the 13th day after the beginning of the experiment,thus making the treatment efficiency decline in the late period.