玄武岩纤维增强水泥基复合材料研究

Basalt fiber reinforce cement-based composite materials

为制备性能优异的水泥基复合材料,探索玄武岩纤维的增强效应,开发具有高抗折强度的建筑砂浆。采用玄武岩纤维作为增强材料,通过正交试验设计和统计分析,探索了玄武岩纤维掺量、水胶比和灰砂比3个因素对7、28 d抗压和抗折强度的影响规律,根据工程需要,优化了最佳抗折强度的组合。通过SEM等试验分析评价了其增强机理和破坏特征。研究表明,玄武岩纤维作为水泥基复合材料的增强组分,具有非常好的抗折强度增强效应,7 d最高增强幅度可达到2.91倍。纤维掺量对不同龄期的强度影响是显著的,远远大于的水胶比和灰砂比的影响。扫描电镜照片中可以看出,玄武岩纤维在砂浆中的分散性良好,没有发现结团现象,尤其是在有些断裂的断面上,纤维仍在两个断面中连接,表现出较好的抗裂效果。由于玄武岩纤维的物理力学性能优于玻璃纤维,耐碱性更好,部分性能仅次于碳纤维,但成本远远低于碳纤维,在水泥基复合材料领域有着广阔的应用前景。

In order to obtain the high performance cement-based consistent materials,the enhancement effect of basalt fiber was studied to develop the building mortar with a high flexural strength.Three factors such as basalt fibers fraction,water-cement ratio and sand-lime are studied on com- pressive and flexural strength on 7 days and 28 days through the orthogonal experimental design and statistical analysis. According to project needs, the best combination of flexural strength is optimized. The enhancement mechanism and damage features are analyzed and evaluated by SEM,the re- sult shows that the basalt fiber as enhanced component have a very good flexural strength enhancement effect,the maximum increased rate will reach 2.91 times. The effect on the strength of different age period is remarkable with different fiber fraction which is far greater than the water-cement ratio and sand-lime ratio. By SEM the microstructure can be seen,the dispersion of basalt fibers in the mortar is good,there is no agglomeration,especially the fibers still connect the two sections in some broken cross-section,showing the good anti-crack effect. Basalt fiber have better physical and me- chanical properties and better alkali resistance,some performance are second only to carbon fiber,and the cost of basalt fiber is far lower than carbon fiber,So the basalt fiber have a broad application prospects in the field of cement-based composite materials.