南宁市园林滨水绿地植物多样性调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on Plant Diversity of Waterfront Greenbelt in Nanning

采用样方调查方法,通过Margalef指数、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou指数分析南宁市9个园林滨水绿地植物群落物种丰富度、多样性及均匀度。结果表明:在100个样方共记录植物176种,其中乔木46种,灌木60种,草本70种;从整体来看,植物Margalef指数与Shannon-Wiener指数均表现为灌木层>草本层>乔木层,而Pielou指数则与前两者不同,表现为灌木层>乔木层>草本层;从不同类型的园林滨水绿地比较,各个指数的表现不尽相同;乔木层、灌木层、草本层的Margalef指数最大值(6.488、13.510、8.630)均出现在南湖公园,乔木层和灌木层Shannon-Wiener指数最大值(2.886、3.873)出现在南湖公园,草本层Shannon-Wiener指数最大值(2.236)出现在狮山公园;乔木层和草本层Pielou指数最高的是民生广场(0.906、0.970),灌木层Pielou指数最高的是狮山公园(0.847);Margalef指数和Shannon-Wiener指数高的植物群落物种丰富,群落结构较为复杂,生态功能较好;Pielou指数较低的群落植物造景手法多变、景观异质性高。

Based upon the Margalef index,the Shannon-Wiener index and the Pielou index of 9 waterfront greenbelt in Nanning,the plant community species abundance,the multiplicity and the uniformity were analyzed.The results showed that there are 176 kinds of plants in 130 type places including 46 kinds of arbor,60 kinds of shrub,70 kinds of herbaceous,Margalef index and Shannon-Wiener index appeared as shrub layer〉herb layer〉arbor layer.However the Pielou index,different from the previous two,appeared as shrub layer〉arbor layer〉herb layer.By comparing different type waterfront greenbelt,each index＇s performance is different.The maximum Margalef index of arbor layer（6.488）,shrub layer（13.510） and herb layer（8.630）were appeared in Nanhu Park,the maximum Shannon-Wiener index of arbor layer（2.886） and herb layer（3.873） were appeared in Nanhu Park,the maximum Shannon-Wiener index of shrub layer（2.236） was appeared in Shishan Park;the maximum Pielou index of arbor layer（0.906） and herb layer（0.970） were appeared in Minsheng Square,the maximum Pielou index of shrub layer（0.847） was appeared in Shishan Park.With higher Margalef index and Shannon-Wiener index,the plant communities is high species richness,more complex community structure,well ecological functions.With lower Pielou index,landscaping practices of communities of plants is varied and landscape heterogeneity is high.