小型螺旋桨飞机动力装置特性试验研究

Experimental Research on Performances of Aircraft Powerplant Composed of Piston Engine and Propeller

小型螺旋桨飞机的动力装置一般由活塞式发动机和螺旋桨两个主要部分组成。本文用实验验证和理论计算的方法，研究了活塞式发动机和螺旋桨性能传统的估算方法所得到的数据与实测结果之间的偏差，并进一步研究了发动机和螺旋桨性能参数的不同匹配对整个飞机动力装置特性的影响。研究结果表明，传统的估算方法对于装小型活塞式发动机的螺旋桨飞机也是适用的。用传统的估算方法所得到的各种性能数据与实验测试数据比较，相对误差的最大值均低于１０％，这对工程应用来说，是可以接受的。文中还用试验数据和试飞实例说明了对动力装置匹配参数加以优化的重要性。

The powerplant of propeller aircraft is composed of two main parts, piston engine and propeller. The difference between calculation data and test data about performance of piston engine and propeller is examined. Further, the effect of different matchings of the engine and the propeller parameters on performance of aircraft powerplant is investigated. The result shows that the traditional estimation methods about powerplant performance are adapted for propeller aircraft even if with small sized piston engine and propeller. The maximum relative error in every compared result is less than 10%. Therefore, the accuracy of estimation methods is acceptable for engineering, although some minor factors are overlooked. Additionally, a lot of experimental data and trail flight facts show the importance of optimizing match parameters of the powerplant.