论公共管理的历史与逻辑

The history and logic of public management

运用文献分析和历史与逻辑相一致的研究方法,首先评析了近代以来依次在公共行政平台上呈现出的几种理论形态:以公共权力的正当性和合法性为中心的社会契约论;以公共组织的效能性为中心的官僚制理论,以公共产品的有效供给为中心的公共选择理论;以公共决策的公民参与为中心的商谈民主理论。以此历史线索为据,提出了公共管理理论的逻辑结构为:以公共利益为逻辑起点,以公共权力、公共组织、公共产品为逻辑中介,以公共决策的制定和执行为逻辑凝结。进而把公共管理理论所应解决的基本问题界定为:采用什么样的公共决策体制提供公共产品才能使公共利益最大化。

Several kinds of theories about public administration from neoteric public administration are reviewed,in which social contract theory is emphasizing on power,and the bureaucracy theory on public organization,and the theory of public choice stressing public goods,and deliberative democracy theory paying attention to popular participancy of public decision.And then,the logic structure of public management theory including public interest is regarded as logic threshold,public power,public organization and public goods as media,the making and execution of public decision as logic outcome.It is thought that the problem which public management should resolve is what a kind of public decision system to maximize the public interest by offering public goods.