陈龙正荒政思想初探

Discussion on Chen Longzheng's Famine Relief Ideas

陈龙正是晚明时期地方社会一位十分重要的人物,曾师于高攀龙,授中书舍人,任南京国子监丞。其所著《救荒策会》以及《几亭全书》中有关救荒的内容,体现了一系列积极的荒政思想,诸如发扬前人的"民本、民生"思想,注重乡村赈济,以天下为己任;标本兼治的务实思想,讲求实效,灵活运用古人成法;救荒要注重人事及救荒人才的重用;新旧思想的碰撞,民间救济中对"贫富"的重新定格等,反映了晚明时期救荒经验的大总结和救荒活动的新发展以及当时社会新思想的萌芽。

Chen Longzheng was an important person in local society of later Ming Dynasty, he was once a student of Gao Panlong and was an official of Nanjing Imperial College. The famine-relief related contents in his Famine Relief Bulletin and Jiting Pandeet embodied a series of active famine relief ideas. His famine relief ideas include developing ancestors＇ people-based and living-based ideas to focus on village relief and to serve all the people of the whole country, treating principal and secondary aspect of famine, facing the reality and flexibly using ancestors＇ ideas, emphasizing human resources in famine relief and putting talents in important positions, combining news ideas with old ones, redefining the poor and the rich in non-governmental relief and so on. These ideas reflect summarization of famine relief in later Ming Dynasty and new development of famine relief and new idea emergence at that time.