地震前后颅脑损伤患者的院前急救分析

Analysis of pre-hospitalization emergency treatment of patients of craniocerebral injury before and after Wenchuan earthquake

目的总结地震前后颅脑损伤的院前急救特点,为提高颅脑损伤的院前急救水平提供临床参考。方法回顾性分析地震前1年（2007年1月1日-12月31日）978例、地震后1年（2009年1月1日-12月31日）1146例颅脑损伤患者院前急救过程及疗效,比较震前、震后两组患者院前急救过程中的出诊时间以及患者预后情况。结果震后颅脑损伤患者组出诊时间为（12.1±1.3）min,较震前组（20.3±2.2min）明显缩短（P〈0.05）;震后颅脑损伤患者预后良好率（95.64%）明显优于震前（91.92%,P〈0.05）;震后患者死亡率（2.36%）显著低于震前（4.19%,P〈0.05）。结论紧急医疗救护系统（EMSS）派遣医疗救护采取就近原则可明显缩短出诊时间,专业化院前急救可显著降低颅脑损伤患者死亡率,程序优化,及时处理可减少颅脑损伤的死残率和提高生存率。

Objective To summarize the characteristics of pre-hospitalizatioin emergency treatment of patients of craniocerebral injury by earthquake.Method 978 patients of craniocerebral injury before Wenchuan earthquake and 1146 after Wenchuan earthquake were analyzed.Result The treatment time of the group of patients of craniocerebral injury after Wenchuan earthquake was 12.1±1.3 min,obviously less than the time of the group before earthquake 20.3±2.2min（P〈0.05）.The rate of favorable prognosis of the group after Wenchuan earthquake was 95.64%,obviously better than the rate of the group before earthquake 91.92%（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Under the Emergency Medical Services System（MESS）,the adoption of the principle of proximity by medical staff can greatly reduce the time of treatment delivery.Professional pre-hospitalization emergency treatment can markedly cut down the death rate of patients of craniocerebral injury.Opitmized procedures and timely treatment can lower the death and disability rate of patients of craniocerebral injury and increase the survival rate.