734例住院患者医院感染分析

Analysis of nosocomial infection of inpatients

目的分析2008年医院感染情况,为医院感染管理工作提供资料与依据。方法对医院2008年住院患者发生医院感染的部位、原因、细菌培养结果进行回顾性调查分析。结果 23831例住院患者发生医院感染734例,感染率3.08%,感染例次756例,例次感染率3.17%;感染部位以下呼吸道为主,占51.91%;其次为上呼吸道和泌尿道,分别占18.94%和4.22%;病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,常见的有肺炎克雷伯氏菌(11.56%),大肠埃希菌(12.14%);革兰阳性球菌中表皮葡萄球菌占6.65%;真菌以白色假丝酵母菌为主,占25.72%,感染科室以重症监护病房最高。结论切实做好医院感染控制工作,加强环境质量的控制,加强感染病原菌的分析鉴定及对抗菌药物的耐药动态监测,加强医务人员宣传教育,是预防医院感染的关键。

Objective To analyze the incidence and related factors of the nosocomial infection.Methods All inpatient in our hospital about 2008 year were surveyed and analyzed.Results There were 734 cases of 23831 inpatient with nosocomial infection.The infection rate was 3.08%.The major sites of the infection were lower respiratory tract（51.91%）,upper respiratory tract（18.94%） and urinary tract（4.22%）.The most common pathogens were klebsiella pneumonial（11.56%）,Escherichia coli（12.14%） in Gram-negative bacteria,and staphylococcus epidermidis（6.65%） in Gram-posities.Candida albicans（25.72%） was the major isolate in Fungi.Conclusion Strengthening the medical knowledge of about nosocomial infection among employees,improving the environment quality of hospital,identifying pathogens correctly and surveying the resistance of antibiotic agents should be noted to control nosocomial infection.