良性前列腺增生的CT表现

CT Findings of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

目的：对良性前列腺增生（ＢＰＨ）的ＣＴ所见作一回顾性探讨，以提高对ＢＰＨＣＴ诊断的能力。材料与方法：搜集有病理证实之ＢＰＨ３９例，选择膀胱以下显示前列腺最大的层面测量其前后径及左右径，上下径则以显示前列腺之层面数与层间距之乘积为准。并记录前列腺之形状、轮廓、增强前后之密度和压迫“突入”膀胱内之形态。结果：ＢＰＨ之前列腺前后径、左右径及上下径（６０～７０岁除外）之平均值大于正常平均值。在膀胱以下层面，大多数（６９．２３％）前列腺呈横椭圆形。绝大多数（９７．３７％）前列腺呈圆形或分叶形向上“突入”膀胱。绝大多数（９７．４４％）前列腺轮廓规则、两侧对称。中间沟均异常：平坦，突出或变浅。多数（５３．８５％）前列腺呈ＢＰＨ典型增强征，少数（３５．０９％）整个前列腺均匀增强。结论：根据前列腺各径线值、形态、轮廓、密度、增强特征，可对ＢＰＨ作出正确诊断。

Objective: To improve the accuracy of diagnosing the benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) on CT scans.Materials and Methods:39 BPH cases, proved pathologically, were collected. The largest anteroposterior and transverse diameters of the prostate were measured on the scans below the urinary bladder, while its axial length was calculated according to the numbers of slices showing the prostate. The prostatic shape below the bladder, its contour, non enhanced and enhanced density and the configuration protruding into the bladder were analyzed.Results:The average anteroposterior, transverse and axial diameters (except for 60～70 aged group) in BPH were greater than normal average values. On the sections below the bladder, most enlarged prostate (69.23%) appears as a transverse ellipsoid, and almost all of them (97.37%) intruded upward into the bladders as a round or lobulated sphere. 97.44% were symmetrical and regular in shape, and the intermediate sulcus of all the prostates with BPH were abnormal: flattened, protruded or shallowed. 94.87% were homogeneous on non enhanced CT scans, and most of them (53.85%) showed characteristic enhancement for BPH, and a few cases (35.09%) showed homogeneous enhancement of the whole prostate.Conclusion: Based on the diameters, shape, configuration, density and coutrast enhanced characteristics of the prostate, BPH can be diagnosed correctly on CT scans.