摘要
目的：探讨血清样品混杂血球或溶血对酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测乙肝病毒表面抗原（HBsAg）的干扰影响及消除措施。方法：使用两种试剂盒设置不同的洗板程序，以HBsAg阴性血清作稀释模拟制备的含不同浓度血球的溶血与不溶血标本做实验。结果：上海某试剂盒在RBC含量0．36×1012／L～7．22×1012／L（无溶血）系列检样中洗板6次（试盒设置）者所测8个检样全部出现假阳性，吸光值A在0．214～3．288间；增加洗板至12次则假阳性全部消除。北京某试剂盒洗板5次（试盒设置）在RBC含量0．37×1012／L～7．34×1012／L（无溶血）、HGB含量19g／L－232g／L（溶血）两系列检样中未出现阳性；当洗板10次时，含血球无溶血标本洗10次A值明显低于洗5次者（P〈0．01）。结论：血球或溶血标本对ELISA检测HBsAg有干扰并可能导致假阳性，适当增加洗板次数可消除干扰影响。
Objective： Study the interference caused by serum samples mixed blood cell or hemolysis in enzyme -linked immunosor- bent assay （ELISA） to detect hepatitis B virus surface antigen （HBsAg）, and eliminating the interference. Methods： Use two groups kits to compare in different washing procedures that diverse concentrations of serum （HBsAg negative） containing diverse hemolysis in experiment. Results ： A kits from Shanghai in the sample RBC 0.36 × 1012 / L - 7.22 × 1012 / L （ no hemolysis） after wash 6 times, were detected 8 false positive samples, absorbance value A in the 0.214 - 3. 288. Increased wash to 12 times can elimination of all the false positive. Another kids from Beijing in the sample （HBsAg negative） RBC content of 0.37 × 1012 / L - 7.34 × 1012 / L （no hemolysis）, HGB con- centration 19g/L - 232g/L （ hemolysis ） after wash 5 times,both groups were no positive were detected. After wash 10 time, the A value in no hemolysis group,is lower than it in hemolysis group （ P 〈 0.01 ） . Conclusion ： The blood cells or hemolysis have interference and may cause false positive in the ELISA detection of HBsAg, appropriate increased wash times may eliminate the interference.
