氯化镉胁迫下葡萄根系生理反应的品种差异

Cultivar Difference in the Physiological Responses of Grape Roots Under CdCl_2 Stress

【目的】研究不同葡萄品种根系对镉胁迫的生理反应,探讨葡萄耐镉性的品种差异。【方法】以9个葡萄品种的扦插苗为试材,在水培条件下,研究了0.5 mmol.L-1氯化镉(CdCl2)处理后,葡萄根系活力、质膜H+-ATPase活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的变化。【结果】正常情况下,9个葡萄品种的根系活力由高到低的顺序为玫瑰香>巨峰>瑰宝>皇家秋天>奥迪亚无核>乍娜>红地球>泽香>达米娜;经0.5 mmol.L-1氯化镉处理16 h后,葡萄各品种的根系活力均降低,下降幅度由大到小的顺序为巨峰>皇家秋天>玫瑰香>瑰宝>红地球>乍娜>达米娜>泽香>奥迪亚无核。氯化镉处理后,9个品种根系质膜H+-ATPase活性均降低,根系MDA含量均显著升高,其中巨峰葡萄H+-ATPase活性下降幅度最大,MDA含量升高幅度最大,奥迪亚无核葡萄根系MDA含量升高幅度最小。【结论】不同葡萄品种根系对镉胁迫的敏感性和耐受性存在显著差异;在所试9个品种中,巨峰葡萄的根系活力和H+-ATPase活性对镉胁迫最敏感,更易受到氯化镉伤害;奥迪亚无核葡萄的根系活力对镉胁迫有较强的耐性,对氯化镉处理最不敏感。

【Objective】 The physiological responses of grape roots under CdCl2 treatment were investigated for exploring the difference of endurance to CdCl2 stress among cultivars of grape.【Method】 The experiment was carried out with the cutting seedlings of nine grape cultivars under 0.5 mmol.L-1CdCl2 stress via hydroponics.The changes in the activity of root,the activity of H＋-ATPase in plasma membrane（PM） and the malondialdehyde（MDA） content of roots after CdCl2 treatment were studied.【Result】 The results showed that the root activities of the nine cultivars under normal circumstances was in the order as below： Muscat HamburgKyohoGuibaoAutumn RoyalQtilia SeedlessZanaRed GlobeZexiangTamina.After being treated in 0.5 mmol？L-1 CdCl2 for 16 hours,the root activity of all the cultivars decreased and the decrease range according to the order from high to low as follow： KyohoAutumn RoyalMuscat HamburgGuibaoRed GlobeZanaTaminaZexiangQtilia Seedless.The activity of PM H＋-ATPase in root of all the cultivars decreased and the root MDA content increased after treatment of CdCl2.Among the nine grape cultivars,Kyoho presented the greatest decrease in the activity of PM H＋-ATPase and the greatest increase in its MDA content,while Qtilia Seedless presented the greatest increase in its MDA content.【Conclusion】 The sensitivity and endurance of grape roots to the CdCl2 stress were different significantly among different cultivars.The root activity and PM H＋-ATPase activity of Kyoho was the most sensitive to cadmium and Kyoho was the most affected by cadmium stress among the nine cultivars,while the root activity of Qtilia Seedless has better endurance to the CdCl2 stress than that of other cultivars and was the least sensitive to CdCl2 treatment.