分子标记对草原野生食用菌蒙古口蘑的鉴别分析

Identification of Wild Edible Fungus Tricholoma mongolicum Imai.on Grassland with Molecular Markers

对采自内蒙古锡林郭勒草原的野生食用菌蒙古口蘑(Tricholoma mongolicum Imai.)等10个菌种进行了ITS和ISSR分子标记的鉴定,其中蒙古口蘑共计4个不同来源菌种,其它6个菌种为子实体与蒙古口蘑形态相近的常见草原菇类或市售食用菌,鉴定结果用RAPD进行辅助分析验证。从12条ISSR引物中筛选出2条可用引物,扩增总条带数为246条,多态性标记为215个,多态性频率为87.4%。经过NT-SYS软件聚类分析,发现在ISSR分析中结合ITS方法可以有效地将蒙古口蘑与其它菌种区分开,这与RAPD法的分析结果相一致,获得了可靠的野生食用菌分子标记方法。研究表明ISSR分子标记是蒙古口蘑等野生食用菌鉴定的理想手段之一。

ISSR molecular labeling technique and ITS method were employed to identify ten strains coming from Xilingol League of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.The results were compared with RAPD method.Totally we had four Tricholoma mongolicum Imai.strains.The other six strains were common grassland mushrooms,whose sporophores similar to Tricholoma mongolicum Imai.in appearance,or edible mushrooms common in markets.We used 2 primers selected from 12 ISSR primers.A total of 246 DNA fragments were amplified and 215（87.4%of all bands）were polymorphic.We found that ISSR marker which is consistent with the results of ITS method was effective for the identification of Tricholoma mongolicum Imai.strains from other strains after cluster analysis of NT-SYS software.ISSR molecular marker is one of the ideal research tool to identify Tricholoma mongolicum Imai.strains.