益气活血方与补肾生髓方对局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠缺血半暗带形态学影响

Effects of Yiqi Huoxue Recipe and Bushen Shengsui Recipe on Morphological Changes in Ischemic Penumbra in Rats after Local Cerebral Ischemia Following Reperfusion

目的观察益气活血方(脑络欣通)和补肾生髓方对脑缺血再灌注大鼠缺血半暗带形态学的影响。方法将大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、益气活血方组及补肾生髓方组。采用线栓法复制局灶性脑缺血再灌注大鼠模型,脑缺血2 h,分别再灌注1,2,3周,采用苏木精-伊红、Spoerrl染色法观察缺血半暗带形态学变化。结果苏木精-伊红染色示再灌注3周时模型大鼠缺血半暗带神经细胞变性坏死严重,可见核浓缩现象与胶质细胞增生及少量淋巴细胞浸润。两种中药复方在再灌注3周时,缺血半暗带神经细胞变性坏死减轻,胶质细胞增生不明显,可见少量核浓缩现象。Spoerrl染色示神经细胞突触呈蓝红色,模型组神经突触阳性总面积单位显著减小(P<0.01);再灌注各时间点,两种中药复方组神经细胞突触阳性总面积单位较模型组显著增多(P<0.01);再灌注2周补肾生髓方组比益气活血方阳性染色面积显著减少(P<0.01)。结论益气活血方与补肾生髓方通过减轻缺血半暗带区神经细胞突触损伤或促进神经细胞突触再生,提高中枢神经系统可塑性,抗脑缺血损伤。

Objective To investigate the effects of Yiqi Huoxue Recipe （Naoluo Xintong）, a traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） prescription for invigorating qi to activate blood circulation, and Bushen Shengsui Recipe, a TCM prescription for tonifying the kidney to regenerate bone marrow, on morphological changes in isehemie penumbra in rats after local cerebral ischemia following reperfusion. Methods Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups： sham group, model group, Yiqi Huoxue Recipe treated group and Bushen Shengsui Recipe treated group. The rat model of local cerebral ischemia following reperfusion was induced by intraluminal thread occlusion of the middle cerebral arteries. The middle cerebral arteries of rats were treated by 2 hours of occlusion followed by 1-, 2- and 3-week of reperfusion, respectively. The changes of pathomorphology were observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Spoerrl staining, respectively. Results HE staining showed severe degeneration or necrosis of nerve cells in ischemic penumbra of model rats 3 weeks after ischemia following reperfusion, and there were condensed nuclei, glial ceils proliferation and lymphocyte infiltration. In groups treated with Yiqi Huoxue Recipe and Bushen Shengsui Recipe for 3 weeks, the degeneration and necrosis were ameliorated in ischemic penum- bra, there was only a small number of condensed nuclei and glial cells proliferation. Spoerrl staining showed that neuronal processes were bluish red. The total positive area unit of neuronal processes in model group was significantly decreased compared with that in the sham group （P〈0.01）. Compared with that in the model group, the total positive area unit in groups treated with two kinds of TCM recipes was signifi- cantly increased at different time points after reperfusion（P〈0.01）. Compared with that in Yiqi Huoxue Recipe treated group,the total positive area unit in Bushen Shengsui Recipe treated group was significantly increased 2 weeks after reperfusion（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Both Yiqi Huoxue Recipe and Bushen Shengsui Recipe could treat ischemia induced cerebral injuries by alleviating pathologic injuries of neuronal processes in ischemic penumbra or promoting the regeneration of nerve ceils to increase the plasticity of central nervous system.