祖父的精神影响:鲁迅成长中的家族因素

The Spiritual Impact from Grandfather:the Family Factor in Luxun's Growth

鲁迅的祖父在人生不同时期,以不同的方式对成长中的鲁迅的精神发展产生深刻的影响。在其人生高峰期,他在为童年鲁迅的生存和发展奠定坚实的物质基础,拓展生存与精神空间,将其置入传统文化境域中的理想生活状态的同时,通过经典引导童年鲁迅进入传统文化和小说艺术世界并与之建立深刻稳定的关系。而科举成功使鲁迅祖父实现传统文化境域中的人生理想,对成长中的鲁迅具有巨大的激励和召唤作用,在相当大程度上确立或规定了鲁迅后来的人生理想与方向。在其人生低谷期,他深刻反思家族、家庭与自己的人生经验,以《恒训》引导处于人生转折时期的鲁迅认识人生,进入社会并与社会建立关系。在其生命后期,他一改此前个人坚守的传统文化观念,以在时代面前"退让"的方式接受或肯定鲁迅全新的人生选择,对鲁迅后来的个人行为方式产生深刻而持久的影响。

Lu Xun＇s grandfather has had a profound and lasting impact on Lu Xun＇s spiritual development.It is mainly manifested in three stages of his life.Firstly,at the peak of his life,he not only laid a solid material basis for Lu Xun＇s growth but also opened a broad spiritual space for his development by guiding him into the tradational culture and fictional art world,so that Lu Xun was able to have a deep and stable relations among various aspects of life.Secondly,in the down-and-low period of his life,he was able to engage in a deep reflection of his family and his own experience.It thus helped Lu Xun,who was in a transitional period of life,to understand more of societal life as directed by ＂Hengxun＂.Lastly,in the later stage of his life,he changed his traditional concept and accepted Lu Xun＇s new life choices.