基于ISSR-PCR技术的浙贝母种质遗传分析

Genetic diversity of bulbus Fritillariae Thunbergii Miq. varieties based on ISSR markers

基于ISSR分子标记,以川贝母、安徽贝母等近缘药用种为对照,对主产地浙江磐安产浙贝、浙贝变种东贝和2个浙贝品种(多籽浙贝,大叶浙贝)的不同群体,以及其他栽培浙贝群体进行遗传多样性及遗传结构研究;分析东贝、大叶浙贝、多籽浙贝与浙贝原种间的关系.结果表明:1)磐安浙贝群体的遗传多样性水平(Ao=1.03～1.16,Ae=1.03～1.10,He=0.01～0.06,Ho=0.02～0.09,PPB=3.45%～15.86%)整体低于其他栽培浙贝群体,且在Neis遗传距离UPGMA聚类图上与非磐安产浙贝有分化,独立形成一支;2)从DNA分子水平证实了东贝的浙贝母变种地位,推测可能是由于其具有较高的商品价值而被人们从浙贝中选育获得;3)大叶浙贝与浙贝在遗传上相近,而多籽浙贝与浙贝在分子水平上有较大的不同,推测多籽浙贝可能是一个人工杂交产物.

The genetic diversity of Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.distributed in Pan’an and the other areas was investigated and their population structure was inferred by inter-simple sequence repeats （ISSR） techniques.Populations of F.thunbergii var.chekiangensis and two horticultural species （Daye Duozi） were included,and F.przewalskii and F.anhuiensis were introduced as the outgroup.Based on results of ISSR analysis,F.thunbergii could be classified into two major groups.One included the samples from Pan’an in Zhejiang Province,while samples of the other group were not from the above area.Low levels of genetic diversity were observed in all seven populations of F.thunbergii （Ao=1.03-1.16,Ae=1.03-1.10,He=0.01-0.06,Ho=0.02-0.09,PPB=3.45%-15.86%）,which were lower than that of other fritillary populations.UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distance showed that F.thunbergii var.chekiangensis was a variation of F.thunbergii.It may be a product of artificial selection during herbs cultivate.F.thunbergii （Daye） was quite same as F.thunbergii,while F.thunbergii （Duozi） had differentiated in molecular level,presuming that F.thunbergii （Duozi） may be a production of hybridization.