广东省流动儿童预防接种管理的难点与策略探讨

Study on Difficulties in Vaccination Management for Children from Floating Population in Guangdong Province

广东省自1978年实施计划免疫以来,计划免疫针对传染病发病率较实施计划免疫前下降了90%以上。随着改革开放政策的实施和市场经济的迅猛发展,从二十世纪九十年代开始,大量外来人口从经济欠发达地区进入广东省尤其是珠江三角洲地区,大部分流动人口的经济条件、文化素质、卫生状况和防病意识较差,给当地的疾病预防控制和管理工作造成极大的困难,成为潜在的传染病隐患。本文分析了流动儿童预防接种工作存在的问题,提出了建立政府主导,部门合作,社会参与的法定工作机制,借助流动人口管理平台,推动流动儿童预防接种工作;采用多种宣传方式,加大对流动人口健康宣传的力度;增加对流动人口免疫预防工作的资金投入,稳定基层网络队伍;针对流动儿童开展免疫规划疫苗的查漏补种活动。

The vaccine-preventable diseases decreased by 90% since immunization program carried out in Guangdong province in 1978.Following the open-policy and marketing economy development,a large amount of foreign population entered the Pearl River Delta from rural area of other under-developed provinces.Due to their low economy status and low level knowledge of health,the extremely difficulties had to be faced in the disease controlling management and hidden peril of infectious diseases outbreak existed.The difficulties and problems in vaccine management for children of floating population was analyzed and the strategies was put forward in the paper,including： establishing working mechanism of government-let,cooperation with several departments,community involvement.With the population management platform,the vaccination for floating children was promoted.Public health propaganda should be strengthened in a variety ways to increase the consciousness of floating people.The manpower and financial support should be increased to strengthen the basic team of immunization.Finally the additional immunization should be carried especially in floating children.