水蒸气活化法制备杨梅核活性炭

Activated carbon from Myrica rubra (Chinese bayberry) stones using steam preparation and its adsorption capabilities

以杨梅Myrica rubra核为原料制备活性炭,采用水蒸汽活化法制备杨梅核活性炭的优化工艺条件为:活化温度950℃,活化时间1.5h,水蒸气用量6mL.g-1。在该条件下,杨梅核活性炭的得率为34.2%,碘吸附值达1167.2mg.g-1,亚甲基蓝吸附值达132.0mg.g-1。活化温度对杨梅核活性炭的得率和吸附能力都有显著影响(P<0.05);活化时间只对得率有显著影响(P<0.05),对吸附能力影响不显著;水蒸汽用量对得率和吸附能力均无显著影响。杨梅核活性炭对甲醛、苯、氨气、三氯甲烷等4种有毒气体的吸附能力依次为:甲醛>三氯甲烷>苯>氨气。

Steam activation was used to prepare activated carbon from Myrica rubra （Chinese bayberry） stones. An orthogonal test with three factors and three levels was set ： （1） activation temperature of 850, 900 and 950 ℃; （2） activation time of 1.5, 20 and 2.5 h; （3） steam comsumption of 4, 5 and 6 mL.g-1. And adsorption capabilities of M. rubra stone carbon for benzene, formaldehyde, ammonia and chloroform were measured. The data were analyzed by ANOVA. The results showed that optimal conditions for activation were： temperature of 950 ℃ time of 1.5 h, and steam consumption of 5 - 6 mL.g-1 of M. rubra stone carbon. With these optimized conditions activated carbon from prepared bayberry stones had a 34.2% yield with iodine adsorption of 1 167.2 mg-g-1 and methylene blue of 132.0 mg·g-1. For activated carbon from M. rubra stones, activation temperature significantly（P〈0.05） decrease yield and increase adsorption abilities, whereas activation time only significantly decreased （P〈0.05） yield. M. rubra stone carbon also adsorbed toxic gases with formaldehyde〉chloroform〉benzene〉ammonia.