专业化牙齿清洁技术防治牙周炎的效果

Effects of Professional Mechanical Tooth Cleaning in Preventing Periodontitis

目的评估专业化牙齿清洁技术(professional mechanical tooth cleaning,PMTC)对牙周炎患者口腔致病菌的抑制作用及临床治疗效果。方法将66例早期牙周炎患者随机分为PMTC组与对照组各33例。对照组患者接受常规治疗,每日使用口洁素含漱3次;PMTC组在常规治疗的基础上每周行PMTC1次,治疗共持续7周。分别于治疗前后采集患者唾液样本行常见致病菌培养,治疗结束后由口腔医师对治疗效果进行评价。结果两组患者在年龄、体重、性别、吸烟人数及刷牙次数等方面的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PMTC组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗前口腔唾液中主要致病菌检出率及菌落数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗7周后,PMTC组及对照组患者唾液中致病菌检出率及菌落数均有所下降(P<0.05),PMTC组口腔抑菌效果更为明显(P<0.05)。结论 PMTC具有操作简便、侵袭性小的优点,可作为传统牙周炎防治措施的有效补充手段;该技术可抑制口腔内致病菌的生长,从而减缓牙周炎进程,避免病灶向侵袭性牙周炎发展。

Objective To observe the effects of professional mechanical tooth clean（PMTC）in the inhibition of bacteria in saliva and the clinical outcome of the periodontitis patients.Methods Sixty-six cases of early periodontitis were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups.The patients in control group（n=33）received the traditional therapy for periodontitis（mouth rinse,three times per day）for 7 weeks.The patients in PMTC group（n=33）received the PMTC treatment once a week based on the traditional therapy.The most frequently pathogen bacteria in saliva of the patients were examined before and after treatment.The clinical outcome of periodontitis was also assessed by dentists.Results The differences in age,weight,sex,smoking number and brushing frequency were not significant between PMTC group and control group（P〉0.05）.The therapeutic effects of PMTC group were significantly superior to those of control group（P〈0.05）.No statistic difference was found in the detection rate and colony counts of the pathogen bacteria in saliva between the two groups before the treatment（P〉0.05）.Furthermore,the detection rate and colony counts of the pathogen bacteria in saliva in PMTC group were significantly lower than those in control group after 7 weeks＇ treatment（P〈0.05）.The oral antibacterial effect in PMTC group was better than that in control group.Conclusion PMTC is an effective supplementary method which has advantages of simple operation and minimal invasion in preventing periodontitis,inhibiting the growth of oral bacteria,slowing the process of periodontitis and avoiding the development of lesions to aggressive periodontitis.