糖尿病并发医院感染危险因素分析与护理对策

Risk factors and nursing strategies of nosocomial infection in diabetes mellitus

目的探讨糖尿病患者发生医院感染的危险因素,针对原因采取预防和控制措施。方法采用回顾性方法对该院558例住院DM患者医院感染危险因素进行分析。结果558例糖尿病患者发生医院感染的有105例次,感染例次率18.82%,主要与患者的年龄、住院时间、病程、高血糖状态、侵入性治疗等呈正相关。感染部位以呼吸道感染为最常见,其次为泌尿道感染,余为胃肠道感染。主要致病菌为革兰氏阴性菌和真菌感染。结论糖尿病患者是发生医院感染的高危人群,应积极控制原发病的治疗,加强对呼吸道、泌尿系统、胃肠道的护理,特别是侵入性插管的护理,是预防糖尿病发生医院感染的重要措施。

Aim To investigate the risk factors of nosocomial infection in diabetes mellitus（DM）.Metholds Retrospectively analysed the risk factors of nosocomial infection in 558 in-patients with DM.Rsults With 105 patients occurred nosocomial infection in 558 in-patients,the infection rate was 18.82%.The infection rate correlated with age,hospitalization time,disease course,blood glucose level and invasive treatment etc..Respiratory tract infections,followed by urinary tract infections,were the most common,and the rest were gastrointestinal tract infections in DM.Major pathogen were gram-negative bacterium and fungal infections.Conclusion The treatment of primary disease is important in patients with DM who are the high-risk group of nosocomial infections.Strengthening the care of respiratory tract,urinary system,gastrointestinal tract and especially invasive procedures,is an effective measure to prevent nosocomial infection in diabetes.