灵长类习惯化研究——以灰叶猴(Trachypit hecus phayrei)为例

Primate Habituation——A case study on Trachypit hecus phayrei

为开展行为生态学研究工作,有必要对野生动物进行习惯化。尽管投食等方法能有效加速习惯化的进程,但会对灵长类的行为造成影响,导致研究结果偏歧。2008年12月至2009年12月,采用直接跟踪法对高黎贡山保护区灰叶猴群进行习惯化研究,试图了解习惯化过程中应注意的问题,为其他研究者快速有效地开展习惯化工作提供指导。随着习惯化的进行,调查者与猴群跟踪总时间从2009年1月平均0.05h增加到2009年12月平均9h,平均跟踪距离从2009年1月份54m减少到2009年8月份15m,猴子对研究者的行为反应也从逃避变成忽视。研究结果表明,即使在高度人为干扰的条件下,只要方法适当,也能在1年内对灰叶猴实现初步习惯化。

Wild animal habituation is important for behavior ecological studies.Provision may facility habituation,but it may changes the behavior of wild animal and bias data collected.We habituated Trachypit hecus phayrei at Gaoligong National Nature Reserve between Dec.2008 and Dec.2009 by direct follow.This study was aiming to understand how to habituated primates in a habitat which was highly disturbed by human.During the study period,mean following time was increased from 0.05 hour to 9 hour and mean following distance was decreased from 54 m to 15 m.Our result showed that it is possible to habituated primate in a short period even in a high disturbed habitat when the habituated method is appropriate.