国际不法行为责任条款的具体运用探析——以2005年国际法院《关于在刚果境内的军事行动案》为例

The Application of Draft Article on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts: the I.C.J Case Concerning Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo

1999年,民主刚果向国际法院起诉乌干达案,当事双方选择向国际法院起诉来解决纷繁复杂的争端,使得国际法院得以依照国际法公正客观地对它们之间的争端进行实质性裁断。这一举动本身对促进以和平手段解决国家之间争端有着重要的意义。国际法院对本案的判决进一步阐明了现存国际法在国际责任问题中免除国际行为不法性的一系列问题的规则,为这些协定国际法和习惯国际法提供了又一个有力的证据。

In 1999, the Democratic Republic of the Congo sued Uganda in respect of a dispute concerning ＂acts of armed aggression perpetrated by Uganda on the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in flagrant violation of the United Nations Charter and of the Charter of the Organization of African Unity＂. This case involved several countries in the Great Lakes region in Africa in the late 90s of the 20th century. The Parties of this case, the DRC and Uganda, choose to submit to International National Court of Justice to settle the complex disputes between them. This movement itself brought high significance to resolving disputes between states in peaceful manners. This judicial practice provides new and strong evidence to the general practice related to the exemption of the state responsibility to develop into a customary international law.