生存时间与自由——别尔嘉耶夫生存美学的现代性意义

On the Modern Significance of Survival Aesthetics by Berdyaev

在别尔嘉耶夫看来,人的奴役在根本上源于自由人的意识的空场,即人的本性的异化,亦即人的本性被抛入世界之中。人的自由的实现在根本上需要人的意识结构的变革,即在生存时间里实现对历史时间的彻底突破。别尔嘉耶夫认为,与人的主体性相关的美才是真实的美;与客体性相关的美则是虚幻的美。完整的美契合于人本性的完整,破碎的美则关联于人本性的分裂。美在消解客体世界必然性的重荷和畸形的同时通过人的主动的创造性活动建构了自由的世界。而正是在此自由的世界即美的世界里,现代化世界中的无根的现代人的生命不再被抛离而悬空,而是回落至踏实,心灵不再被抽空而虚无,而是充实而永恒。

In Berdyaev＇s view,human enslavement,in the fact,is from the absent 0f consciousness of free people,that is,the alienation of human nature,that human nature has been thrown into the world.The realization of human freedom is fundamentally dependent on changes in the structure of human consciousness,namely,the history time in the survival time is to achieve a complete breakthrough.According to Berdyaev＇s view,beauty with person＇s subjectivity is the true beauty;and beauty with objectivity is illuso-ry beauty.Complete beauty fits in the integrity of human nature;broken beauty is related division of human nature.When beauty de-constructs the necessity of the world,and constructs the free world through people active creativity.In this free world,the lives of modern people in the modern is meaningful.