不同运动负荷状态下散打运动员心泵功能变化特征

Cardiac Pump Function at Different Exercise of Sanda Athletes

目的长期的运动训练可引起心脏形态结构和功能发生重塑,而这些适应性变化又与运动项目、运动方式有着密切关系,其发生的确切机制还尚未完全明晰。通过实验观察不同负荷方式运动对散打运动员心脏泵血功能的应激性反应,用心脏血流动力学指标来分析其产生的可能机制。方法14名校散打队男子一级运动员通过最大有氧功和最大无氧功测试,分别于运动测试前后测定心脏泵血功能指数。结果在最大有氧运动中,CO、CWI、C、CI、MAP显著增大,TPR发生显著降低,SV变化不显著;在最大无氧运动中,TPR降低较少,MAP上升较高,CO、CI未见明显变化,SV在最大无氧运动中较最大有氧运动略上升。结论在最大有氧运动中,心脏承受相对低的后负荷,相对高的前负荷的刺激;在最大无氧运动中,心脏克服相对高的后负荷。这是两类不同形式运动对心脏形态和功能长期适应性变化机制的根本原因。

Objective the long-term exercise can make heart remold on structure and function adaptation,while this adaptation is different with the sport items.Its occurrence mechanism is not really clear yet.This experiment observed the reaction on heart pump function of Sanshou athlete after different exercise way,analyzed its possible mechanism through blood dynamics indexes.Method 14 professional Sanshou athletes take respectively aerobic test and 30s anaerobic test,measured the heart pump function blood dynamics parameter before and after the test,Result During aerobic test,CO,CWI,C,CI,MAP rise markedly,while TPR lowers manifest-ly,the SV has little variety.In 30s anaerobic effort,the TPR lowers less,MAP ascended higher,CO,CI didn＇t change obviously,SV is slightly higher than the results of aerobic test,Conclusions heart must afford lower after-load and higher pre-load in aerobic effort while in anaerobic test,heart must afford higher after-load.This is the basic reason of two different way exercises make the heart dif-ferent adaptation on structure and function.