《无名的裘德》中的家庭伦理解读

The Family Ethics in Jude the Obscure

《无名的裘德》是英国著名作家哈代创作的最后一部小说,也是最有争议的一部小说。它揭示了19世纪维多利亚时期的种种社会问题,对那个时代传统的家庭伦理观念造成了巨大冲击。主人公裘德的情欲婚姻和精神婚姻都以失败而告终,归因于其夫妻关系处理的不当。其子时光被生母当作包袱丢给裘德后又与继母过着颠沛流离的生活,饱受社会的不公,裘德身上承载了太多的伦理重荷而无法释放。本文从文学伦理学批评的角度来分析《无名的裘德》中所呈现出的各式各样的家庭伦理关系,揭示小说中主要人物悲剧结局的根源。

Jude the Obscure is Thomas Hardy＇s last novel and also the most controversial one. The novel reveals various social problems in Victorian Period, thus having a great shock on the traditional marriage ethics in the nineteenth century. Having experienced two marriages from lust to spirit and both failed as the end, the protagonist Jude is improper in dealing with the relation between husband and wife.Time, Jude and Arabella＇s son, was abandoned by his mother as bundle, and later lived a stormy life with his step-mother, suffering all kinds of unfairness. Jude bore so much ethical burden on his weak shoulder that he can＇t release them. In terms of the ethical literary criticism, this article discusses all sorts of family ethical relations indicated in Jude the Obscure, in order to disclose the root of main characters＇ tragedy endings.